AI Policy

The journal follows the position of COPE: artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as an author, because authorship carries responsibility and accountability that software cannot bear.

For authors

• Any use of AI tools (text generation, translation, code, image or data processing) must be disclosed in a separate section of the manuscript, naming the tool, its version and what it was used for.
• Authors are fully responsible for the accuracy of the text, including every reference: AI tools are known to invent sources.
• Fabricating data or results with AI is research misconduct and leads to rejection or retraction.

For reviewers

• Uploading a manuscript into a public AI service breaks confidentiality and is not allowed.
• The review must be written by the reviewer; AI may not replace expert judgement.

Editorial office

The editorial board may use AI tools for technical checks (formatting, language, similarity screening), but every decision about a manuscript is taken by people.