O‘ZBEKISTONDA BANK SOHASIDAGI ISLOHOTLAR: HOZIRGI MUAMMOLAR VA YUZAGA KELAYOTGAN IMKONIYATLAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55439/INS/vol2_iss6/348##article.subject##:
Bank sektorini isloh qilish,davlat tijorat banklari -##article.abstract##
Ushbu tadqiqot O‘zbekiston bank sektoridagi davom etayotgan islohotlarni o‘rganib, davlat tijorat banklarining “DTBB” ustunligi, muammolari va o‘zgarishlariga e’tibor qaratadi. Hukumatning 2020-yil may oyidagi Bank sektorini isloh qilish strategiyasidan so‘ng tijoratlashtirish va xususiylashtirish yo‘nalishida sezilarli yutuqlarga erishildi; biroq, davlat banklari hamon aktivlar, kreditlar va omonatlarning asosiy qismini boshqarmoqda. Maqola O‘zbekistondagi tijorat banklarining aktivlari, kreditlari va omonatlarining o‘sishini, shuningdek, ishonchsizlik, cheklangan moliyaviy inklyuzivlik, davlatning doimiy aralashuvi, muammoli kreditlar “NPL” bo‘yicha yuqori xavf-xatarlar va xususiylashtirish sur’atining sekinligi kabi tizimli muammolarni tahlil qiladi.
MHXS qabul qilinganiga qaramay, davlat banklari va xususiy tijorat banklari o‘rtasida korporativ boshqaruv bo‘shliqlari saqlanib qolmoqda. Raqamli o‘zgarishlar rivojlanmoqda, biroq eskirgan IT tizimlar, ma’lumotlar integratsiyasining zaifligi hamda tahlil va texnologiyalar sohasida malakali kadrlar yetishmasligi bilan cheklanmoqda.
Tadqiqot, shuningdek, bank sektori va yetarlicha rivojlanmagan kapital bozorlari o‘rtasidagi aloqani o‘rganib, Koreyadagi moliyaviy inqirozdan olingan saboqlar asosida davlat tomonidan yo‘naltirilgan moliyalashtirish va yetarli bo‘lmagan bozor intizomining xavf-xatarlarini ta’kidlaydi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, muvaffaqiyatli islohot uchun davlat banklarini xususiylashtirishni tezlashtirish, shaffoflikni oshirish, aktivlar sifati standartlarini kuchaytirish, raqamli banking qo‘llanilishini kengaytirish va xilma-xil moliyaviy tizimni yaratish talab etiladi. Uzoq muddatli barqarorlik uchun tartibga solish nazoratini kuchaytirish, raqobatni rivojlantirish va moliyaviy inklyuzivlikni kengaytirish muhim ahamiyatga ega. Xorijiy banklarning kirib kelishi va raqamli xizmatlarning kengayishi raqobatbardoshlik, samaradorlik va barqarorlikni oshirishi kutilmoqda, bu esa O‘zbekiston bank sektoriga barqaror iqtisodiy o‘sishni yanada yaxshiroq qo‘llab-quvvatlash imkonini beradi.
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